The Desegregation Of The United States - 1633 Words

In the 1970’s desegregation was a main concern and differences in the quality of education based on socioeconomic factors became apparent. Brown v. Board of Education deemed it harmful to African Americans to be segregated. Integration of public schools did not happen until Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education. The ruling of Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education mandated school districts to bus students to different schools so integration would be possible (Wilson). President Lyndon B. Johnson was also a key part in education reform during this time period, which will be discussed later. The federal government became involved to create additional benefits for low-income students. Head Start and the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) were created to reduce poverty by providing equal opportunities for all students (Cross). Leading up to the 21st Century quality of education finally was addressed. In 1983 under the Reagan administration A Natio n at Risk, was published and exposed the poor quality of education in the United States. A Nation at Risk noted that 23 million American adults were functionally illiterate, 13% of all 17 year olds were functionally illiterate, and the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) demonstrated a significant decline in English and Math scores. A Nation at Risk exposed to the world that the United States educational system was broken (Toppo). Charter schools, schoolwide choice, and area wide choice, allowedShow MoreRelatedDesegregation Of The United States1720 Words   |  7 PagesThe education system in the United States has gone through many changes spanning all the way from the 1800’s to today. The integration of other races and cultures into our schools have played in integral part in the historical development of the U.S. educational system. It has also allowed more access to all students to experience education. The desegregation of schools also started the conversation about allowin g Blacks to have equal access to the same water fountains, public transportation, restroomsRead MoreThe Desegregation Of The United States791 Words   |  4 Pagesfollowed by President Reagan who epitomizes conservatism. Reagan guts the integration busing fund and tells black families that their children would be better off attending their segregated neighborhood schools, which was not factually proven. Desegregation had actually been shown to be greatly beneficial to the minority students and minimally detrimental to the white students. Nixon makes deal with South Carolina Sen. Strom Thurmond to stem the tide of integration as much as possible in exchangeRead MoreThe Desegregation Of The United States Supreme Court Essay1382 Words   |  6 PagesThe School Desegregation Decision of the United States Supreme Court signified the end of a clashing national minority game plan - heightened of a total of parts in perspective of two incongruent sorts of human affiliation and control, greater part manage government and white supremacy. In pivoting Plessy v. Ferguson it, basically, signified the legitimate end to required restriction of one social affair of subjects from another with no attempt at being subtle workplaces essentially because ofRead MoreEssay on desegregation historiography1258 Words   |  6 Pagespeople of the United States. They wrote about freedom and equality for men, but historically it has not been practiced. In the twentieth century large steps have been made to make the United States practice the i deals declared in the Constitution and Bill of Rights. The major changes following Rosa Park’s refusal to give up her bus seat to a young white man and the Brown v. Board of Education trial in 1954. These Supreme Court rulings altered American society and began the desegregation and integrationRead MoreHow Racism Impacted The Game Of Baseball And The Lives Of African Americans Essay896 Words   |  4 PagesHow Racism Effected the Game of Baseball and the Lives of African Americans Introduction Racial tension has been around since the foundation of the United States. The climax of racism in the United States started near the twentieth century (PBS, 2003). The south had many racial segregation laws and restrictions. Black men were victims of propaganda and were thought as ravening beasts lusting after white women (PBS, 2003). This was a tactic used to justify lynching. African Americans had to constantlyRead MoreRacism And Discrimination During The Civil War1690 Words   |  7 PagesRacism and discrimination in the United States has been a major issue since the colonial and slavery era. White Americans were given privileges like voting rights, education, full citizenship, influential political power, and etc. whereas those same privileges were not granted to African Americans and other persons of color. After the Civil War, the 13th Amendment in 1865, legally abolished slavery and that is where the start of racial tensions began. Many things like grandfather clauses, lyn chingRead More(Final Draft). . Brown V. Board Of Education. . . . . .1660 Words   |  7 Pagesinfluenced American segregation, because unlike other instances of desegregation, it overturned Plessy v. Ferguson, ended school segregation, and progressed the civil rights movement. Overturned Plessy V. Ferguson What caused Brown V. Board of Education What is Plessy V. Ferguson How the Brown decision overturned the Plessy decision Ended school segregation What was school segregation Resulting decision on school segregation Desegregation Began the civil rights movement What was the Civil Rights MovementRead MoreJudicial Process Research Paper1738 Words   |  7 PagesBoard of Education adopted the plan by a vote of four to two. The plan was approved by the Michigan Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development. It was then endorsed by other national and local agencies and organizations such as the United States Office of Education. Following the adoption of the plan, Detroit School officials began to prepare procedures to carry it into effect at the beginning of the 1970-1971 school year. The Michigan Legislature enacted, and the Governor of MichiganRead MoreSummary And Decision. In A Unanimous Decision On May 17,996 Words   |  4 PagesVirginia, and District of Columbia) asserted complaints of inadequate conditions in black schools and sought admission to public schools in their community that were presently reserved for white students. Each of these jurisdictions fought for desegregation as a way to obtain equal educational opportunities for students of color. In the Brown case, the court ruled in favor of educational equality and found separation of black students to be unconstitutional, as it violated the equal protection clauseRead MoreSwann v. Charlotte935 Words   |  4 Pagesactually been done to desegregate public schools. Brown v. Board of Education ordered the end to separate but equal and the desegregation of public schools; however, the court provided no direction for the implementation of its decision. Authority was pushed to the Attorney Generals of each state to create and submit plans to proceed with desegregation. Southern states were against the court’s decision and many refused to pass any new legislation. Swann sued the Board of Education in Charlotte

Use Of Photoshop And Its Effect On Today s Society

Fictional Perfection The use of Photoshop is found in just about every image seen in the media today. Although Photoshop was originally intended for good uses, it has a negative effect on today’s society. Photographers and other artist use Photoshop to enhance the quality of their work, whereas, the media uses it to alter images beyond fictional standards. Photoshop can alter someone’s entire appearance, and basically create a whole new person. On a daily basis, we see a multitude of images of what is supposed to be â€Å"flawless perfection† through many different media sources. You can open any magazine today, and not one single image shown in unaltered. Every image has been changed in one way or another. This issue is directed more towards†¦show more content†¦The amount of people eighteen years or younger that went through plastic surgery increased between the years of 1997 and 2003, according to the American Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery. Just in the year 1997 approximately sixty thousand teens transformed their bodies with surgery. That numbered skyrocketed to two hundred twenty-five thousand in 2003, just because teenagers wanted their bodies to be more acceptable (Photoshop Effect). The media is held most accountable for these actions. People have an issue of trying to recreate the perfection that they often see. This has become a major concern for our society today. The sad truth is that it is not just females whose ideas are affected by body imaging and photoshop. Males often are attracted to these â€Å"perfect† looks that they see. This also can lead to females becoming insecure from not feeling good enough for a male. Has photoshop gone too far? The real question to ask is, how far is too far? In my opinion, photoshop has gone beyond the line that should have never been crossed. It should have been created strictly for the purpose of enhancing photos to look more realistic and vivid than unrealistically fake. Why are females so obsessed with being â€Å"perfect†? I am a female, and I have difficulties answering this question. I have caught myself on multiple occasions being obsessed with perfection. Some may say that it is how the female brain is wired. However, I believe that we are wronglyShow MoreRelatedNegatives And Negatives Of Photography1439 Words   |  6 PagesToday, in technology we can do anything we want with images, and it has been used as a tool for evidence. Photographers can do many things for example, keeping records of people s lives, allowing memories to last forever and intriguing people. I can t imagine living without photography because photography is more than just a image. Without photography, we wouldn t have pictures of our childhoods, siblings, and pasts. Since digital manipulation existed, it started to make people feel deceived.Read MoreTechnology And Its Effect On Society946 Words   |  4 Pagesdigital era are introduced to unprecedented amount of information about the ideal body through the use of the internet, which portrays this image through advertising, music videos, and celebrity social media accounts. With the introduction of connected technology, teen’s lust over a body that has most likely been photo-shopped and may be almost impossible to obtain. In other words, Photoshop sucks. Photoshop is a way of hiding a realistic image, converting it into a false idea of a perfect picture. ThisRead MoreEssay about The Fashion Industry Promotes Eating Disorders1133 Words   |  5 Pagescontrast between their bodies and the models and pressures on society make them feel they must look like models. Currently the standard set by the fashion industry is to be thin; for some people thinness to this extent isn’t easily attainable causing people to adapt unhealthy dietary habits. Pressures from the fashion industry promote eating disorders. This is because the fashion industry largely influence what is beautiful in society. Through history the image of beauty has changed thousands ofRead MoreModels : The Reality Of Being Fake2144 Words   |  9 Pagesmajority of today’s society knows that many images in magazines are retouched or edited. What people do not know, is that practically every image in magazines are edited and models in them are completely photoshopped to be thinner, flawless, and unrealistic. Models should not be photoshopped because Photoshopped models have harmful effects on women in society, models themselves, and those images are bad for advertisement. There are many companies taking stands against Photoshop in advertising to helpRead MorePhotoshop should be banned for models1535 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Digitally altering pictures or ‘Photoshopping’ is the norm of not only the fashion industry but any industry related to print media nowadays. Retouching pictures has not blossomed due to technology, we can trace it back to 1500’s when the period of high ren aissance art was fading away a new form of art was emerging known as Mannerism which applauded the modified physic of the subjects over the regular ones(1). Setting impossible standards, models are made to look like virtual perceptions and nothingRead MoreHow The Media Creates Beauty Standards And Shine A Light On The Truth Essay2021 Words   |  9 Pages For many years, society has been told by the media that there a certain way that people should look. We are shown that true beauty in what we see in the media and advertisements. They celebrities and models in the media are beautiful, symmetric, flawless and perfect in all the right places. There is something that society needs to realize. Society is being fooled. The beauty shown in media is not realistic and it is not obtainable. For our public advocacy project, we want to dispel media’sRead MoreEffects Of Social Media Essay1322 Words   |  6 Pagesresearch all types of effects social media has on society, especially adolescent girls as that age group is mainly targeted. The role of media has changed drastically from when it first started to now. It was first created for the main purpose of communicating information. Although that is still true to this day, there are also other purposes for the media now. Media presents information through books, posters, the web and etc. One of the most popular forms of media today is social media. That includesRead MoreSocial Media Has a Negative Effect on Body Image and Self Esteem1202 Words   |  5 Pagessources of communication for the upcoming generation. For young people growing up in today’s society, social media outlets such as Facebook, Instagram and Twitter have provided pictures and news that have become the first thing that their eyes see in the morning and the last thing that they see before bed. These pictures have provided unrealistic standards as to what is considered beautiful in today’s society. As young people refer to these images as a form of comparison, it has created harmful circumstancesRead MoreThe Negativity Of Media Towards Woman1646 Words   |  7 Pageswe see†(Ossola, Alexandra). In the world we live in today we are constantly bombarded by impossible standards of how we should look and behave, and this has a very negative effect on women of all ages. Women suffer from horrible stereotypes and images that make them think less of themselves. Women start to believe they need to work harder yet stay home with their families, be skinny but not too skinny how can this be acceptable in today s society? Media also presents the idea to young children thatRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Goldilocks And The Three Bears 2259 Words   |  10 PagesHere s a suggestion: Why don t we take a page from Goldilocks and the Three Bears and learn successful editing by processing our images three times to create the not too hot, not too cold, but ahhh, this is just right version of our images. For anyone growing up in suburbia, taking Little Red Riding Hood or Hansel Gretel too literally may not seem relevant; but as an adult, the more images I process, the more the story of Goldilocks and the Three Bears rings tru e. If Goldilocks used Adobe

Reflection free essay sample

And also there some difficulties and things which I have to correct for next time if I have to write this type of assignment. First I will write about positive things which I found helped me finishing this case study on time. Case study started on 17 th September, when I went ward for this I was clear of my objectives and goal to achieve. I got chance to select any patient I want from any where I choose, so I have chosen the patient from same ward I m working. Therefore I was very familiar with patients and their relatives, especially disease condition of the patients. I have chosen a patient whom I was caring since her admission. But for the case study I needed more than just routine caring but patient. Thus very easily that patient has given verbal consent to make case study on her disease condition. I built good rapport with the patient which made it easily to communicate and give health education to her. We will write a custom essay sample on Reflection or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Next things is I got so much support from ward incharge, as I couldn’t get any kind of leave, she arranged my duties all morning shift as I wanted and allocated me only for that cubicles where my case study patient was. I’m really thankful for her doing that. In ward other nurses also tried to make those 5 days duties easily for me and helped a lot in my work.Similarly my lecturer helped me a lot during the case study, she came to ward when I was doing case studying explained objectives and gave time to clear doubts. She watched closely during the course and advised to finish when there was time. She advised lot of time to plan and organize the time. However there were some difficulties like doing duty and part time studying is hard. I can’t give as much time I give for studies. During this case study period, in some weeks I got only one off mostly that will be on Sunday, and sometime called for duty because of lack of nurses. I tried my best to finish before, so that I can give for feedback.But duties were too hectic and too tiring, some days I was unable to touch the assignment. Unavailability of books from library after reserving that book for long time most difficult situation I faced. Similarly inaccessibility for hinari and ebsco full text researches was also a problem I faced. Lot of my time I spend on searching for articles, researches and journal for literature review. Likewise because of unable to manage time, ACLS classes and exam took lot of time which I could have given to case study. Unfortunately, I m not very good at managing my time, I believe this was biggest problem.So for future improvement I must learn how to manage my time. There were so many other interruptions during the case study time. Although there was a lot of work in preparing this assignment, improvements always can be made. If again I got chance to write this type this of assignment, I will start writing case study same day I start caring the patient. This time i started writing case after finishing five days of clinical. I thought I can write this with in few days. But know I realized that if I would want best out this assignment I would have given enough time for this, prepared more, and organized.

Miguel Street free essay sample

Naipaul’s Miguel Street Miguel Street is his semi-autobiographical work which occurs during World War II in Port of Spain, Tobago and Trinidad. The island of Trinidad, where the stories are set, was a Spanish colony,that was ceded to Britain when they had already passed through many other coloners’ hands. Trinidad and Tobago owes their main origins to massive eighteenth and nineteenth century importations of African slaves and East Indian servants who were needed to work on the sugar plantations. During the 1930s, Trinidad and Tobago suffered severely from the effects of the worldwide depression. The book may be set in a particular time during the 40s, but not in a real chronological order. The author of this work, V. S. Naipaul is an Indian writer from Trinidad who has written many novels that are set in a continuous changing world: The Caribbean Islands of the Commonwealth. He seems to focus on writing about the story of places and peoples that are usually forgotten. Miguel Street, as I have said before, seems to be a semi-autobiographical work, since is divided into seventeen chapters; which are interpreted to be based in the author’s personal life. All stories take place in a small community in Miguel Street, Port of Spain (Trinidad and Tobago). However, Naipaul himself remains unnamed throughout the entire novel. Naipaul seems to be himself the narrator; he writes from the first-person and describes his own experiences in each episode through several characters. In every chapter, he focuses in one individual; while the rest of them, remain in the background as they were part of the setting. All together helps to depict that small world of failure and disillusionment in Miguel Street. The chapters are almost interchangeable, the only obvious exceptions being the two last chapters which I consider the climax of the novel. What links the story and the characters together is the destiny of disillusionment in which they all take part. In the end, the escape seems to be the main theme; while a constant recalling of childhood is present with all the nostalgia and feeling of alienation that links all those community members of Miguel Street. But a closer examination of the book reveals us another pattern far from being just an inventory or collection of characters. It opens with the story of Bogart; who uses the nickname of a Hollywood star. To escape the boredom the community produces him, Bogart tries to be the most glamorous men of Miguel Street. The truth comes out when police catches him and accuses him of bigamist who has run out of two women â€Å"to be a man, among we men†. Popo, the following character, is said to be a carpenter; but actually he has never build a thing with his own hands. The narrator expresses how he liked watching him pretending to work. The failure comes when Popo is discovered to be a furniture thief. When he comes out of prison, he establishes a stable family and starts making real furniture. George of the Pink House, is depicted as a bully whose failure to manage his family leads to his inevitable failure in life. He is the very antithesis of the father-figure. He beats his wife to her death, and the only channel of escape is oppressing his children, especially his daughter. He is said to be â€Å"too stupid for a big man† inside the community. The story of George’s son Ellias, is also another great example of frustration and failure. His ambition is to be a doctor, but he is depicted as being not very intelligent, although he works hard enough to reach a school level. In the end, Ellias, disillusioned and finding no escape anywhere, becomes a scavenger (Sp. â€Å"chatarrero†? ). One of the most well drawn characters in Miguel Street is the mysterious B. Wordsworth (B for Black) who comes and goes as well. He lives in a house full of symbolism; coconut trees, plum trees, and a big mango tree: â€Å"The place looked wild, as if it wasn’t in the city at all†. He is like living among nature, typical romantic, and â€Å"living as if he was doing it for the first time in his life†¦Ã¢â‚¬ . He is comparable to Popo in doing a â€Å"thing with no name†, which means he is being involved in a never ending pursuit of writing â€Å"the best poem in the world†. Here, the element of escapism is obvious. B Wordsworth also develops a great friendship with the narrator. When the pseudo poet dies, the boy-narrator finds himself just like a poet: â€Å"full of grief†. The narrator explains how he felt when he returned to the pink house a year after, and he could not see anything similar to the pink house: no evidence of coconut tree nor plum tree. â€Å"Just as if B. Wordsworth had never existed†. In all those stories Naipaul depicts a whole bunch of men and their vulnerability, their failure, their passive- willing to escape. Not to mention that he depicts some women characters as well. Such is Laura, who is introduced as â€Å"holding a world record for having eight children by seven fathers†. Lorna, Laura’s daughter, becomes pregnant. Laura’s world seems to crumble, so she drowns into the sea. For her, it seems to be no escape from failure. Moreover, again a woman enters into Miguel Street’s world. This woman, who is related to the character of Hat; affects the relationship within the community of Miguel Street. She is later discovered with another man and becomes finally a victim of Hat’s violence. Hat ends up in prison accused of murder. Although the two principal characters in Miguel Street (Hat and the narrator) are always present; we don’t see them in detail until the end, when the failure and disillusionment and departure has been established. We can see Hat as a kind of â€Å"the adult consciousness† of the narrator. The departure of Hat from the street is quite sad for all of them, even more for the young narrator; but the life in Miguel Street keeps going forward. When Hat is released, four years have passed, and the narrator is already a man; and he no longer needs Hut. â€Å"when Hat went to prison, a part of me died†. In the final chapter, we find the narrator’s departure from Miguel Street, and Trinidad. His escape from failure is to go away from the disappointing changelessness of Miguel Street. Indeed, his escape appears to be a scholarship abroad, maybe equivalent to emigration. In Miguel Street, Naipaul stresses the fact that in a society like this which has not yet defined its goals, the individual is unlikely to achieve fulfillment in life. We find a little bit of humor among all those men in Miguel Street; because as the author says â€Å"life in the West Indies would be impossible without sense of humor†. But behind humor, a bitter reality undergoes. In a region where a constant racial and cultural mixing over centuries have resulted in heterogeneity, any ethnic ideal clashes with the reality of everyday life. Naipaul wants us to understand this willingness to change, a readiness to accept anything that comes; relating it with the dilemmas of Trinidadian working class life; victim of colonialism. 2. Lucy, Chapter 1: Poor Visitor (By Jamaica Kincaid). Jamaica Kincaid; is the author of Lucy; novel from which â€Å"Poor visitor† fragment is taken. The author was born as Elaine Potter Richardson, in Antigua (in the Leeward Islands in the Caribbean region). Antigua, would not gain full independence from British colonial rule until 1981. The author then, original from this particular island in the West Indies, seems to look back at her life to inspire fiction; such as the effects of colonialism, and feelings of alienation; mostly. In this chapter called â€Å"Poor Visitor†; the narrator is the protagonist at the same time. As readers, we just know that she comes from a tropical zone; that we associate directly to the home of the author; somewhere in the Caribbean Islands. Our protagonist is a young woman who has emigrated from her wild home land to live in the big city and start over new in a new land â€Å"full of opportunities†; which I guess it would be New York (although any name of countries or places are revealed, at least in this first chapter , we have some clues such as â€Å"there were lights everywhere†, â€Å"a famous building, an important street, a park, a bridge that when built was thought to be a spectacle†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦). However, she never appears to fit in her own American Dream. From the beginning, she expresses the disillusionment of arriving in a new country that she may had idealized before: â€Å"In a day-dream I used to have, all these places were points of happiness to me, all these places were lifeboats to my small drowning soul, for I would imagine myself entering and leaving them†. She is disappointed because all the landmarks were not as vivid as they were in her daydreams. Now these landmarks are worn down and dirty. This disillusionment may come from the great wish of departure; which at first was seen as something she really wished to; but how she depicts it herself, as not fitting in the big city nor with anything surrounding her. In America, Lucy is now bombarded with all the new elements which seem so integrated in our globalized society (refrigerator, lift, radio, the apartment); and forcing herself to adjust the way she thinks about the world. During her first unhappy days Lucy constantly thinks how uncomfortable the new can make you feel. Not to mention the feeling of alienation she may feel taking care of a bunch of â€Å"yellow-haired† kids and going to school in her only spare time at night. Moreover, the layer of dreams are also important to mention, since they are part of the symbolism in the text, and they intercalate every now and then among the bitterness of the chapter. We can see how she dreams about her cousin, or how she dreams about a cotton flannel nightgown made in Australia (female dresses to sleep; as a pajama made of flannel). It is not till the end of the chapter where we can see the full symbolic meaning of dreams: She is at a dinner table; explaining a dream that she had to the members of the family. In the dream, the family appears; and this fact makes them feel little pity for Lucy. In these last lines of the chapter, she is discussing with herself whether she shall leave America again or not. She is also reasoning what she had meant, by telling them that dream. She concludes that she had taken the family in, â€Å"because only people who are very important to her had ever shown up in her dreams† . There she is putting the family in the same sack where she once had put the cousin dream or the pijama dream . A good example of this alienation is that Lucy never mentions her job as â€Å"au pair† for example. She has entered bravely into a new world, but now she feels alone in it. She sometimes feels homesick and surprised that she is missing even the things she disliked â€Å"a person would leave a not very nice situation and go somewhere else, somewhere a lot better, and then long to go back where one came from it was not very nice†. Here is when she sleeps and sleeps just because she doesn’t want to take in anything else; that those dreams recalling her home land appear. Somewhere in the past, the thought of being in her present situation had been a comfort, but now she does not even have this to look forward. Once her dream was escaping from her home land, but now that she has achieve it, looks like it is not enough for her. The alienation is such, that even the family whom she is living with; is able to feel it â€Å"they began to call me The Visitor. They said I seemed not to be a part of things, as if I did not live in their house with them, as if they weren’t like a family to me, as if I were just passing through†. Jamaica Kincaid, the author of Lucy, has well depicted this feeling of alienation she may had felt once; hrough Lucy’s disconnection from what she is actually doing to make a living abroad. She may had forced herself to the outside world; being ready or not. She may had pretended to be happy or fulfilled once. She may had felt this â€Å"artificial happiness† just like Lucy when dancing with the maid.

Personal Finance, Investing and Insurance free essay sample

An informative essay about financial responsibility and becoming financially active. A personal essay about saving and financial responsibility. The author provides a framework of how to become financially active and responsible, how to save and invest and how to secure ones future. Financial security is something that all people want to obtain in their lives. There are many aspects that go into being financially secure. Many people in todays society wait until later in life to start planning for their future. My goal is to have financial security throughout my life by investing and saving at an early age. I feel that one of the worst things that you could do financially, is to get into debt at an early age. When a person is right out of college, they should not spend more money than they need to and they should pay off their college debts as soon as possible. We will write a custom essay sample on Personal Finance, Investing and Insurance or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In my opinion, it is very important for an individual to make sure that their future is financially secure.

Culture and a Mans Dying Wish essays

Culture and a Man's Dying Wish essays A man dies. His community's culture deems that he be buried in holy ground lest the community suffer some catastrophe. He, having always been at odds with his community on this point, has left a provision in his will that he be cremated and his ashes scattered into the ocean. The body waits in the hospital while the community debates the issue. What is to be done? The elders have asked for a moral opinion. What is one to say? If the belief that the man must be buried is one deeply ingrained in the hearts and minds of the community, then a decision to cremate him would cause an uproar. On the other hand, if there are some who sympathize with the man, either decision might cause a schism within the community. The ultimate action would have to depend on much more than the culture's belief about burial. It would have to take into account the culture's beliefs on individual rights, freedom of belief, and the validity of the man's will. It would also have to take into account the moral implications of carrying out a man's dying wish and the repercussions of violating a sacred social institution. This is not a decision to be taken lightly, but by stepping back and weighing the options carefully, one can come to a conclusion which would be the most moral given the situation. I say most moral because there really is no right choice here. Any ac! tion taken will most definitely be wrong to at least one group of people. Here no plea can be made to universal morality because neither belief in its specific sense appeals to any pure moral intuition. People on the other side of the world might have neither the belief that the man should be buried, nor the belief that his ashes should be spread. Each person's choice would be too influenced by his own cultural morality, and so nobody would really have a right to judge. Were I to be asked for an opinion on this matter, I feel I would have no authority in my response. It is really the community's...

Participation in the political process Research Paper

Participation in the political process - Research Paper Example Federal government. All states elect state Governors to represent and lead their states. However the powers, privilege, and policy-making allowance of any Governor differs from state to state. For example, the state of Texas Governor’s role is a bit different from the majority of other states. Interestingly enough, the Texas Governorship, rather the territory that would one day be called the state of Texas, has existed longer than the office than the President of the United States (Maddex, 2006). From 1836-1845 the position of Governor was titled the President of the Lone Star Republican prior to the unionization of the state. The present Constitution defines the position of Governor as the Executive power of Texas Governors; however there are limitations to that power. There is a â€Å"pluralism† of the executive powers, which disperses the overall control among a number of elected to boards and committees (Texas State Historical Association, 2014). This decentralization of power is unique and needed. For this reason Texas government, specifically, limited the powers of any individual Governor to prevent any repetition of the past (Maddex, 2006). In order to become a Texas Governor the candidate must be, at least, 30 years old and be a resident of the state for no less than 5 years. The elected Governor is responsible for commanding the military, appointing heads of state agencies, handling states funds and taxes, and can propose bills and has the right to veto those bills presented by others (Texas State Historical Association, 2014).At one time, the Governor was exclusively in control of pardoning of prisoners. However these powers have, also, been limited. In 1929 the state created the Board of Pardons and Paroles, which would be the primary office In charge of prisoner pardons, the Governor is only allowed to act under the advisement of the Board. The Governor

Final Class Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Final Class Project - Essay Example As noted by his expert witness, the sacral bedsores and the ulcers first appeared while he was immobile in a Minerva bracer and also when he was on the ventilator. In the nursing profession, patients who face high risk for skin breakdown are to be turned every 2 to 3 hours. The turning of the patients helps in blood circulation throughout the body and eases the pressure on the surface of the skin, which is in contact with the bed. In this case, it can be argued that consistent turning didn’t happen. This is because if the actual turning took place, the patient would not have developed such sores and ulcers. The Florida nurse practice act under section [464.018(8) (h)], clearly discourages the nurses from acting inappropriate and unprofessional. The nurses deviated from the standards as stipulated in the above-mentioned legislation and hence are bound to provide compensation to the patient. It is through the negligence and unethical conduct of the nurses that made Mr. Paul contract the skin lesions. As professionals, they were supposed to provide quality care and hence could have prevented the occurrence of skin lesions on the patient. The nurses’ conduct of unprofessionalism is a deviation from the standards and legislations governing all nurses. A good expert witness must be a good public speaker. Due to the demanding nature of the court proceedings, an expert witness must be able to explain ideas in a clear and precise manner. He/she should also be very conversant with the court terminologies and hence represent the client fully. In addition, he/she should show confidence while speaking because confidence shows professionalism and hence the jury builds trust on your witness account. Therefore, good speaking is necessary for a nurse aspiring to be a good expert witness. It is a requirement that an expert witness should be actively involved in his field of specialization. The active involvement in the medical field

Innovation Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Innovation - Term Paper Example In the global societies, the organization needs to be rebuild in order to navigate themselves out from the economic and social morass and it is through innovations that an organization can get there, but the organization and leaders are usually focused on status quo. An innovative organization creates people, process and philosophies to create, support and nurture innovation (Sorenson, 2011). This project would deal with the innovation strategy adopted by Vodafone, Vodafone group Plc is the world’s largest mobile telecommunications, with its presence in Europe, Asia, Africa, Middle East and the United States. Current Business Situation The company current strategy titled, a stronger Vodafone to a more valuable Vodafone comprised of four main components. They are, to focus mainly on the new areas of growth like by entering into emerging markets, introducing new service and many more. Next to deliver value and efficiency by driving off cost effectiveness and operational effectiv eness, thirdly, to generate liquidity and lastly apply the capital for the investment of the company (Vodafone Group Plc, 2011, p.3). The company, Vodafone primarily focused mainly on its expansion strategy in the emerging countries where there is a potential growth. The enterprise customers of Vodafone range from small-office-home office business to small to medium sized enterprises. The company has 34 million customers as enterprises comprising of 9% and about 23% of service revenue. In 2010 Vodafone acquired Quickcomm and TnT Expense management. This acquisition has strengthened the ability of the company to provide the enterprise customers with a greater visibility and control. As an innovation strategy, Vodafone has been working with its partner Novartis on a health project (Vodafone, 2011). Strength Vodafone is one of the largest mobile phone operators by terms of revenue had planned to focus more on the high growth strategy in India and as time Vodafone has been able to do it by introducing more low cost handsets, wireless connectivity and finally being a good corporate citizen and is India’s fourth largest mobile operator (Lall, 2007). Vodafone’s one of the successful strategy was the introduction of ZooZoo in the year 2009, the new brand ambassadors of Vodafone. This character was successful in repositioning the brand. The Indian Premier League 2 (IPL2) was chosen as the platform for Vodafone to launch their advertisements made on ZooZoo, which proved to a great marketing strategy for Vodafone. With the success of the ZooZoo character the company has launched many ZooZoo goodies such as Zoozoo mugs, toys, t-shirts, key chains and many more. This step was seen as one of the major step taken by the company in the form of innovation. Vodafone is the only company which has come up with such a concept of ZooZoo and has proved to be essential in attracting the customers. Weakness A major weakness of Vodafone was reported to be the network cove rage. It did not have a widely accepted coverage and the customers often complained about the network and also customer service. The company did not invest much in the R&D which led to the dissatisfaction of the customers. Opportunity The current market situation of the company is showing a steady rise not only in India but also in UK. Vodafone profits have rose as about 9.4 million new customers have joined up Vodafone. It

Fastest Finger First Project Report

Fastest Finger First Project Report Abstract In the buzzer round of quiz contests, the question is thrown open to all the teams. The person who knows the answer hits the buzzer first and then answers the question. Sometimes two or more players hit the buzzer almost simultaneously and it is very difficult to detect which of them has pressed the buzzer first. In television shows, where the whole event is recorded, the actions are replayed in slow motion to detect the first hit. Such slow motions are possible only where huge funds are available to conduct the show. For this reason buzzer rounds are avoided for quiz contests held in colleges. This project is an electronic quiz buzzer that is affordable by the colleges and even individuals. This project is useful for a 4-team quiz contest, although it can be modified for more number of teams. This system is sensitive. The circuit can detect and record the first hit contestant among all the contestants that may appear to be simultaneous Buzzer controllers for 4-team quizzes are readily available in the market. However, buzzer controller capable handling six or eight team are hard to find. The circuit presented here can be used for up to eight teams. It can be easily expanded to accommodated more teams through suitable cascading of latches and AND gates along with transistors, relays, etc. In the buzzer round of any quiz contest question are thrown open to all the participating teams. Each team has a push button switch to ring the buzzer. After hearing the question any member of a team who knows the answer and hits there switch first gets a chance to answer. In multiple cases who hit the switch first gets the opportunity to reply. For next round the quiz master reset the buzzer operation circuit by pressing the reset switch. For visual indication all teams have the lamp fitted on their desk. The lamps glow until the reset of buzzer controller indicating the eligible team for replying the question. For audio indication the buzzer rings and turns off automatically after a few second. The audio visual circuit is powered through actuation of relay contacts. Here 230v AC has been used. BLOCK DIAGRAM Figure:1 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM Figure:2 Figure:2 Working of Finger first indicator Fastest finger first indicators (FFFIs) are used to test the players reaction time. The players designated number is displayed with an audio alarm when the player presses his entry button. The circuit presented here determines as to which of the 8 contestants first pressed the button and locks out the remaining three entries. Simultaneously, an audio alarm and the correct decimal number display of the corresponding contestant are activated. When a contestant presses his switch, the corresponding output of latch IC1 (74373) changes its logic state from 1 to 0. The combinational circuitry comprising dual 4-input NAND gates of IC3 (7430) locks out subsequent entries by producing the appropriate latch-disable signal. Priority encoder IC2 (74147) encodes the active-low input condition into the corresponding binary coded decimal (BCD) number output. The outputs of IC4 after inversion by inverter gates inside hex inverter 74LS04 (IC5) are coupled to BCDto-7-segment decoder/display driver IC6 (7447). The output of IC6 drives common anode 7-segment LED display (DIS.1, FND507 or LT543). The audio alarm generator comprises clock oscillator (555), whose output drives a loudspeaker. The oscillator frequency can be varied with the help of Preset VR1. Logic 0 state at one of the outputs of IC2 produces logic 1 input condition at pin 4 of 555, thereby enabling the audio oscillator. 555 needs +12V DC supply for sufficient alarm level. The remaining circuit operates on regulated +5V DC supply, which is obtained using (7805).Once the organiser identifies the contestant who pressed the switch first, he disables the audio alarm and at the same time forces the digital display to 0 by pressing reset pushbutton S9 PCB FABRICATION PCB Designing is an important part of the project development, complexity size the PCB for our Project Buzzer Controller For 8-Team Quiz Contests is made by Photo chemical process on copper clad base materials the following steps are involved in Fabrication. Layout designing 1. Art work designing 2. Negative preparation 3. Eleclining 4. Cleaning 5. Coating of Protective layer 6. Drilling 7. Testing Figure:3LAYOUT DESIGNING:- First of all we have prepared the layout designing on graph paper according to the schematic diagram. To layout diagram shown in the tracks on PCB to join the components as per schematic diagram. Taking the consideration actual size (100%) of each components and pin to pin distance of the components. ART WORK DESIGNING:- Art work is the preparation after the layout Modification. Art work is prepared on clad shed by tracking the circuit. On it with tapes different width, circular pads, IC pads cutter 2. NEGATIVE PREPARETION:- For the preparation of Negative the photographic with feint is to cut to the six of the art work it is then place with film in the vertical photographic camera the developer used in the lithe developer. Which consist of A B developer mixed in same proportion. The film is then fixed through fixer which is the Sodium Thiosulphate solution the film then washed with the water and then dried. At least to clean the liquor thinner to protect the tracks from corrosion and moisture effects. Figure:4 4. ELECLINING:- It is the process in which extra copper is removed from copper clad sheet with heep Ferric Chloride(feels) solution. The copper clad sheet is dipped in the feels for about 3 hours. By this process we got the PCB with wanted tracks. 5. CLEANING:- Now remove the dye with help of thinner, wash it with water and dry it in sun light. 6. COATING OF PROTECTIVE LAYERS:- The PCB is now Coated with non-conducting solution. LAQUAR to prevent the tracks from environment hazards like corrosion and moisture effects. Figure:5 PCB LAYOUT FOR FINGER FIRST INDICATOR Figure:6 7. DRILLING:- Drilling is done to create the components lead holes Drill of 1mm.(Diameter) is used. 8. TESTING:- The copper tracks are tested with the digital multimeter if any track is open short can be repaired before mounting the components on PCB. Now PCB is ready for assembly. COMPONENTS LIST Semiconductors: IC1 -74LS373 IC2 -74LS147 IC3 -74LS30 IC4 -74LS00 IC5 74LS04 IC6 74LS47 IC7 -7805, 5V regulator IC8 NE555 timer T1 -BC547 NPN transistor 7- segment display- DIS.1, FND507 or LT543 Resistors (all1/4-watt, +/-5% carbons): R1-R8 -1kilo-ohm R9 -2.2 kilo-ohm R10 -R11 10-kilo-ohm R12-R18 560 ohm VR1 -2-mega-ohm preset Capacitors: C1 -0.01microF, 35V electrolytic C2 0.1microF, 16V electrolytic C3 0.01microF, ceramic disk Miscellaneous: X1 -230V AC primary to 12V, 500mA Secondary transformer S1-S8 -push-to-on switch S9 push-to-off switch BELL -230V AC electric bell Details of various components used Figure:71.74LS373 Figure:8 2.74LS147 Figure:9 Figure:10 3.74LS30 Figure:11 Internal description of 74LS30 Figure:12 Figure:13 5.74LS04 Figure:14 Figure:15 6.74LS00 Figure:16 Figure:18 Figure:17 Figure:19 Figure:20 7. IC7447 Figure:20 8 .Transformer Figure:21 Laminated steel core Transformers for use at power or audio frequencies typically have cores made of high Permeability (electromagnetism) permeabilitysilicon steel. permeability many times that of free space, and the core thus serves to greatly reduce the magnetizing current, and confine the flux to a path which closely couples the windings. Early transformer developers soon realized that cores constructed from solid iron resulted in prohibitive eddy-current losses, and their designs mitigated this effect with cores consisting of bundles of insulated iron wires. Later designs constructed the core by stacking layers of thin steel laminations, a principle that has remained in use. Each lamination is insulated from its neighbors by a thin non-conducting layer of insulation.indicates a minimum cross-sectional area for the core to avoid saturation. The effect of laminations is to confine eddy currents to highly elliptical paths that enclose little flux, and so reduce their magnitude. Thinner laminations reduce losses, Thin laminations are generally used on high frequency transformers, with some types of very thin steel laminations able to operate up to 10  kHz. One common design of laminated core is made from interleaved stacks of pieces, leading to its name of E-I transformer.Such a design tends to exhibit more losses, but is very economical to manufacture. The cut-core or C-core type is made by winding a steel strip around a rectangular form and then bonding the layers together. It is then cut in two, forming two C shapes, and the core assembled by binding the two C halves together with a steel strap. They have the advantage that the flux is always oriented parallel to the metal grains, reducing reluctance. A steel cores means that it retains a static magnetic field when power is removed. When power is then reapplied, the residual field will cause a high until the effect of the remaining magnetism is reduced, usually after a few cycles of the applied alternating current. Over current protection devices such as must be selected to allow this harmless inrush to pass. On transformers connected to long, overhead power transmission lines, induced currents due to during can cause saturation of the core and operation of transformer protection devices. The transformer converts the 220 V AC into 9 V AC. The Bridge wave rectifier converts the ( V AC into rippled DC. This rippled DC is given as input to the 7805/7809 Voltage regulator IC. A separate power supply is given for the Stepper Motor which has the same power supply setup for converting the 220 V AC into 9V DC. The DC Power Supply circuit is based around the 7805 voltage regulator. It has only 3 connections (input, output and ground) and it provides a fixed output. The last two digits of the part number specify the output voltage, eg. 05, 06, 08, 10, 12, 15, 18, or 24. The 7800 series provides up to 1 amp load current and has on-chip circuitry to shut down the regulator if any attempt is made to operate it outside its safe operating area. (If this happens to you, let the chip cool down attach the heatsink.) It can be seen that there are in fact two separate circuits in this power supply. One 7805 is directly connected as a fixed 5V regulator. The second 7805 has a resistor divider network on the output. A variable 500 ohm potentiometer is used to vary the output voltage from a minimum of 5V up to the maximum DC voltage depending on the input voltage. It will be about 2V below the input DC voltage.) The capacitor across the output improves transient response. The large capacitor across the input is a filter capacitor to help smooth out ripple in the rectified AC voltage. The larger the filter capacitor the lower the ripple IC-7805 One can get a constant high-voltage power supply using inexpensive 3-terminal voltage regulators through some simple techniques described below. Depending upon the current requirement, a reasonable load regulation can be achieved. Line regulation in all cases is equal to that of the voltage regulator used. Though high voltage can be obtained with suitable voltage boost circuitry using ICs like LM 723, some advantages of the circuits presented below are: simplicity, low cost, and practically reasonable regulation characteristics. For currents of the order of 1A or less, only one zener and some resistors and capacitors are needed. For higher currents, one pass transistor such as ECP055 is needed. Before developing the final circuits, let us first understand the 3-terminal type constant voltage regulators. Let us see the schematic in Fig. where 78XX is a 3-terminal voltage regulator. Schematic for obtaining low-voltage regulated output using 3-terminal Figure:22 voltage regulators. Rectified and filtered unregulated voltage is applied at VIN and a constant voltage appears between pins 2 and 2 of the voltage regulator. *The distribution of two currents in the circuit (IBIAS and ILOAD) is as shown. It is highly recommended to use the two capacitors as shown. Electrically regulator will be at a distance from the rectifier supply. Thus, a tantalum grade capacitor of 5mf and rated voltage is good. Electrolytic capacitor is not suitable for it is poor in response to load transients, which have high frequency components.At the output side a 0.22mf disc ceramic capacitor is useful to eliminate spurious oscillations, which the regulator might break into because of its internal high gain circuitry. Figure:23 These voltage regulators have a typical bias current of 5 mA, which is reasonably constant. By inserting a small resistor Rx between pin 2 and ground, the output voltage in many cases. By this method voltage increment of 5 to 10 per cent is practically feasible. However, if a high-value resistance is used to obtain a higher output voltage, a slight variation in bias current will result in wide variation of the output voltage. 8. BC547 Transistor In electronics, a transistor is a semiconductor device commonly used to amplify or switch electronic signals. A transistor is made of a solid piece of a semiconductor material, with at least three terminals for connection to an external circuit. A voltage or current applied to one pair of the transistors terminals changes the current flowing through another pair of terminals. Because the controlled (output) power can be much larger than the controlling (input) power, the transistor provides amplification of a signal. The transistor is the fundamental building block of modern electronic devices, and is used in radio, telephone, computer and other electronic systems. Some transistors are packaged individually but most are found in integrated circuits. Figure:24 Features à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ NPN Silicon Epitaxial Planar Transistors à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ These transistors are subdivided into three groups A, B, and C according to their current gain. The type BC546 is available in groups A and B,n however, the types BC547 and BC548 can be supplied in all three groups. As complementary types the PNP transistors BC556BC558 are recommended. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ On special request, these transistors are also manufactured in the pin configuration TO-18. Mechanical Data Case: TO-92 Plastic Package Weight: approx. 0.18g Packaging Codes/Options: E6/Bulk 5K per container, 20K/box E7/4K per Ammo mag., 20K/box Figure:25 9.Ceramic capacitor: These are the disk-type ceramic capacitors. Because the high frequency characteristic is good, these are used as the coupling capacitors (It cuts the direct current but it lets through the alternating current. Figure:26 10.Electrolytic Capacitor: This capacitor is used as the ripple filter capacitor of the power circuit. There is polarity. So, be careful so as not to make a mistake when mounting it. Figure:27 Electrolyte Capacitor Figure:28 Metallised Polyester Film Capacitors With tolerance of 10%. Operating temperature -40oC to +85oC. Compact Size Non Inductive Design 11.RESISTANCE Resistance is the opposition of a material to the current. It is measured in Ohms ( -). All conductors represent a certain amount of resistance, since no conductor is 100% efficient. To control the electron flow (current) in a predictable manner, we use resistors. Electronic circuits use calibrated lumped resistance to control the flow of current. Broadly speaking, resistor can be divided into two groups viz. fixed adjustable (variable) resistors. In fixed resistors, the value is fixed cannot be varied. In variable resistors, the resistance value can be varied by an adjusteknob. It can be divided into (a) Carbon composition (b) Wire wound (c) Special type. The most common type of resistors used in our projects is carbon type. The resistance value is normally indicated by colour bands. Each resistance has four colours, one of the band on either side will be gold or silver, this is called fourth band and indicates the tolerance, others three band will give the value of resistance (see table). For example if a resistor has the following marking on it say red, violet, gold. Comparing these coloured rings with the colour code, its value is 27000 ohms or 27 kilo ohms and its tolerance is  ±5%. Resistor comes in various sizes (Power rating). The bigger, the size, the more power rating of 1/4 watts. The four colour rings on its body tells us the value of resistor value as given below. COLOURS CODE Black 0 Brown 1 Red 2 Orange 3 Yellow 4 Green 5 Blue 6 Violet 7 Grey 8 White 9 Figure:29 The first rings give the first digit. The second ring gives the second digit. The third ring indicates the number of zeroes to be placed after the digits. The fourth ring gives tolerance (gold  ±5%, silver  ± 10%, No colour  ± 20%). In variable resistors, we have the dial type of resistance boxes. There is a knob with a metal pointer. This presses over brass pieces placed along a circle with some space b/w each of them. Resistance coils of different values are connected b/w the gaps. When the knob is rotated, the pointer also moves over the brass pieces. If a gap is skipped over, its resistance is included in the circuit. If two gaps are skipped over, the resistances of both together are included in the circuit and so on. 12.The 555 TIMER Description The LM555/NE555/SA555 is a highly stable controller capable of producing accurate timing pulses. With a monostable operation, the time delay is controlled by one external resistor and one capacitor. With an astable operation, the frequency and duty cycle are accurately controlled by two external resistors and one capacitor. Figure:30 Features à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ High Current Drive Capability (200mA) à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Adjustable Duty Cycle à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Temperature Stability of 0.005%/ ½Ã‚ °C à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Timing FromÃŽÂ ¼Sec to Hours à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Turn off Time Less Than 2ÃŽÂ ¼Sec Applications à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Precision Timing à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Pulse Generation à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Time Delay Generation à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Sequential Timing Pin Description of 555 Timer Figure:31 Power supply: Pin 8 is used to connect the positive power supply (Vs) to the 555. This can be any voltage between 3V and 15V DC, but is commonly 5V DC when working with digital ICs. Pin 1 is the 0V connection to the power supply. Trigger and Reset Inputs: Pin 2 is called the trigger input as it is this input that sets the output to the high state. Pin 4 is called the reset input as it is this input that resets the o/p to the low state. Both pins may be connected to push buttons to control the operation of the 555.Sometimes the reset input is not used in a circuit, in which case it is connected directly to Vs to that unwanted resetting cant occur. Threshold and discharge: Pins 6 and7 (and sometimes the Trigger i/p, pin2) are used to set up the timing aspect of the 555 IC. They are normally connected to a combination of resistors and a capacitor. Offset: Pin 5 can be used to alter the timing aspect of the 555 IC in applications such as frequency modulation. Output: Pin 3 is the digital output of the 555.It can be connected directly to the inputs of other digitaICs, or it can control other devices Figure:32 When the low signal input is applied to the reset terminal, the timer output remains low regardless of the threshold voltage or the trigger voltage. Only when the high signal is applied to the reset terminal, the timers output changes according to threshold voltage and trigger voltage. When the threshold voltage exceeds 2/3 of the supply voltage while the timer output is high, the timers internal discharge Tr. turns on, lowering the threshold voltage to below 1/3 of the supply voltage. During this time, the timer output is maintained low. Later, if a low signal is applied to the trigger voltage so that it becomes 1/3 of the supply voltage, the timers internal discharge Tr. turns off, increasing the threshold voltage and driving the timer output again at high. Fig 33 :Monostable Operation Figure:34 Figure 34. illustrates a monostable circuit. In this mode, the timer generates a fixed pulse whenever the trigger voltage falls below Vcc/3. When the trigger pulse voltage applied to the #2 pin falls below Vcc/3 while the timer output is low, the timers internal flip-flop turns the discharging Tr. off and causes the timer output to become high by charging the external capacitor C1 and setting the flip-flop output at the same time. The voltage across the external capacitor C1, VC1 increases exponentially with the time constant t=RA*C and reaches 2Vcc/3 at td=1.1RA*C. Hence, capacitor C1 is charged through resistor RA. The greater the time constant RAC, the longer it takes for the VC1 to reach 2Vcc/3. In other words, the time constant RAC controls the output pulse width. When the applied voltage to the capacitor C1 reaches 2Vcc/3, the comparator on the trigger terminal resets the flip-flop, turning the discharging Tr. on. At this time, C1 begins to discharge and the timer output conver ts to low. In this way, the timer operating in the monostablerepeats the above process. Figure 10 shows the general waveforms during the monostable operation. It must be noted that, for a normal operation, the trigger pulse voltage needs to maintain a minimum of Vcc/3 before the timer output turns low. That is, although the output remains unaffected even if a different trigger pulse is applied while the output is high, it may be affected and the waveform does not operate properly if the trigger pulse voltage at the end of the output pulse remains at below Vcc/3 Fig 35 :Astable operation An astable timer operation is achieved by adding resistor RB to Figure 1 and configuring as shown on Figure 5. In the astable operation, the trigger terminal and the threshold terminal are connected so that a self-trigger is formed, operating as a multi vibrator. When the timer output is high, its internal discharging Tr. turns off and the VC1 increases by exponential function with the time constant (RA+RB)*C. When the VC1, or the threshold voltage, reaches 2Vcc/3, the comparator output on the trigger terminal becomes high, resetting the F/F and causing the timer output to become low. This in turn turns on the discharging Tr. and the C1 discharges through the discharging channel formed by RB and the discharging Tr. When the VC1 falls below Vcc/3, the comparator output on the trigger terminal becomes high and the timer output becomes high again. The discharging Tr. turns off and the VC1 rises again. In the above process, the section where the timer output is high is the time it takes for the VC1 to rise from Vcc/3 to 2Vcc/3, and the section where the timer output is low is the time it takes for the VC1 to drop from 2Vcc/3 to Vcc/3. When timer output is high, the equivalent circuit for charging capacitor C1 is as follows Fig 36 :Astable operation Waveform 12.Diode The simplest semiconductor device is made up of a sandwich of P-type semiconducting material, with contacts provided to connect the p-and n-type layers to an external circuit. This is a junction Diode. If the positive terminal of the battery is connected to the p-type material (cathode) and the negative terminal to the N-type material (Anode), a large current will flow. This is called forward current or forward biased. If the connections are reversed, a very little current will flow. This is because under this condition, the p-type material will accept the electrons from the negative terminal of the battery and the N-type material will give up its free electrons to the battery, resulting in the state of electrical equilibrium since the N-type material has no more electrons. Thus there will be a small current to flow and the diode is called Reverse biased. Thus the Diode allows direct current to pass only in one direction while blocking it in the other direction. Power diodes are used in concerting AC into DC. In this, current will flow freely during the first half cycle (forward biased) and practically not at all during the other half cycle (reverse biased). This makes the diode an effective rectifier, which convert ac into pulsating dc. Signal diodes are used in radio circuits for detection. Zener diodes are used in the circuit to control the voltage. Figure:37 Some common diodes are:- 1. Zener diode. 2. Photo diode. 3. Light Emitting diode. ZENER DIODE:- A zener diode is specially designed junction diode, which can operate continuously without being damaged in the region of reverse break down voltage. One of the most important applications of zener diode is the design of constant voltage power supply. The zener diode is joined in reverse bias to d.c. through a resistance R of suitable value. PHOTO DIODE:- A photo diode is a junction diode made from photo- sensitive semiconductor or material. In such a diode, there is a provision to allow the light of suitable frequency to fall on the p-n junction. It is reverse biased, but the voltage applied is less than the break down voltage. As the intensity of incident light is increased, current goes on increasing till it becomes maximum. The maximum current is called saturation current. LIGHT EMITTING DIODE (LED):- When a junction diode is forward biased, energy is released at the junction diode is forward biased, energy is released at the junction due to recombination of electrons and holes. In case of silicon and germanium diodes, the energy released is in infrared region. In the junction diode made of gallium arsenate or indium phosphide, the energy is released in visible region. Such a junction diode is called a light emitting diode or LED. LIST OF INSRUMENTS TOOLS TOOLS: Soldering Iron Tweezers Screw Driver Cutter De Soldering Pump INSTRUMENTS: Digital Multimeter OTHER MATERIALS: Solder Flux De Soldering Wick Soldering Iron Stand Image of project Figure:38 Applications: 1.Electronic Jam Is Commonly Used In Quiz Contests Figure:39 2.Finger First Is The Basic Principle 3.It Adds Beauty To Active Quiz Shows Contains Many Buzzer Rounds 4.Inputs Can Be Handle At A Time Figure:40 5.Uses Seven Segment Display Instead of LED/bulb For Visual Interface 6.This Electronic Jam Is Built With The View Of Making The Game Show Priority Less Advantages: Handy device Low power consumption More accurate Easy to use Visual interface adds its advantage Disadvantages: Input is limited to eight. Future scope: Instead of Seven Segment display LCD screens can be implemented Priority list of all inputs can be imparted in Output Conclusion: Project Aims the Implemenatation of Electonic Jam for making Quiz shows priority Less Seven Segment display included for more User nterface Cost of Project: S.No. Component Quantity Cost 1. IC74373 1 60 2. IC 555 1 30 3. IC 7430 1 60 4. IC 7447 1 35 5. IC 74147 1 65 6. IC7400 1 24 7. IC7404 1 20 8. Transistor 1 3 9. Diode 2 4 10. 7 segment display 1 20 11. Transformer 1 40 12. Ceramic Capacitor 2 4 13. Electrolytic Capacitors 1 5 14. Resistor 18 40 15. PCB designing 600 16. Misc(Solder wire, connecting wire, Connectors etc) 200 Total 1210

The Great Gatsby: American Dream or American Nightmare? Essay -- The G

â€Å"The loneliest moment in someone’s life is when they are watching their whole world fall apart, and all they can do is stare blankly.† ― F. Scott Fitzgerald, The Great Gatsby The American Dream, a long standing ideal embodies the hope that one can achieve financial success, political power, and everlasting love through dedication and hard work. During the Roaring 20s, people in America put up facades to mask who they truly were. In The Great Gatsby, Fitzgerald conveys that the American Dream is simply an illusion, that is idealist and unreal. In the novel, Gatsby, a wealthy socialite pursues his dream, Daisy. In the process of pursuing Daisy, Gatsby betrays his morals and destroys himself. Through the eyes of the narrator, Nick, one sees the extent of the corruption Gatsby is willing to undertake in order to achieve his dream. Although Fitzgerald applauds the American Dream he warns against the dangers of living in a world full of illusions and deceit; a trait common during the Roaring 20s. The language and plot devices Fitzgerald uses convey that lies and facades, which were common during the Guided Age, destroys one’s own character and morals. T hrough Fitzgerald use of symbolism, expectations, and relationships, he explores the American dream, and how it is an illusion that corrupts and destroys lives. Through Fitzgerald’s symbolic description of Gatsby, he explores the extent of the American Dream’s deceptive nature that slowly destroys a person and his/her morals. During the Roaring 20s it was very common for people to project illusions to mask who they truly were; to fit in, it was almost essential to have one to survive in the highly materialistic and deceitful society. Nick is introduced as the objective narrator... ...an Dream that becomes corrupted and leads to the ultimate failure and destruction of himself. Some say that Americans strive for the impossible goal of perfection; they live, die and do unimaginable deeds to achieve it, and when they do, they may call the product their own American Dream. The American Dream is substantial perfection. In reality, perfection does not exist, but illusions do. Those who live in a world of lies cause their own demise. Life is a series of unending imperfections. Living a dream of perfection is not possible, thus reducing our cherished American Dream to a simple fantasy. Works Cited Fitzgerald, F. Scott. The Great Gatsby. New York: Scribner, 2004. Print. â€Å"The Great Gatsby in the 21st Century.† CBC Books. CBC/ Radio-Canada. 22 August 2012. Web. 5 May 2015. http://www.cbc.ca/books/2012/08/the-great-gatsby-in-the-21st-century.html

Audience Expectations in Horror Movie Trailers Essay

How genre conventions are used to raise audience expectations in horror movie trailers. ‘The word genre means ‘type’ or ‘category’’ (Teach yourself film studies) it is really important as an audience member to recognise genres as then things become categorised and easier for them to understand which is more comforting. Sometimes however genres are crossed and categories are broken for example sometimes we have ‘action thrillers’ or ‘sci-fi horrors’ this is known as a hybrid genre. This often intrigues the audience and draws them to the film as it changes their outlook as they have no expectations for the film as they have never been exposed to this genre before. The horror genre was created to frighten/disturb an audience. Cherry (2009) reinforces this theory ‘The function of horror – to scare, shock, revolt or otherwise horrify the viewer’. These are the main conventions of a horror movie often portrayed using fast cuts, heart racing music, flashing images, unknown creatures and darkened places. ‘Horror is an ancient art form’ (www.horrorfilmhistory.com) which is still popular today because of the emotions it evokes, the audience feel comfortable with the horror genre as the generic conventions have not changed drastically over the years, the audience knows what to expect. The iconic symbols of horror such as haunted houses, unknown creatures, darkened places and flashing images are still used in all modern horror movies, although the genre evolves to fit around the era and to appeal to that audience. ‘Genres are not static, they evolve their common attributes change over time’ (Teach yourself film studies), this is because genres need to become more current for example what disturbed/terrified audiences 10 years ago may not effect audiences today. Today most audiences are terrified by the paranormal and ghostly experiences, the trailers for ‘Paranormal Activity’, ‘Insidious’ and ‘Don’t be Afraid of the Dark’ are all based around this theme but use different generic conventions to portray their theme. Paranormal Activity was released in 2007 and is an independent film costing only $11,000 to produce, the trailer proved uncomfortable to audiences as the generic conventions were broken. The trailer was not the usual blockbuster horror that audiences expect to see, it was shot in an average home with a home camera, the camera angles are shaky and unprofessional and the actors are unknown which gives the feel that these are real events. Also the trailer not only shows clips of the movie but the audience reaction to what they are witnessing. This keeps the audience interested in the genre as they are not used to seeing an audience reaction – they are intrigued as to why the audien ce are so frightened; therefore want to see the film. ‘We derive basic thrills from triggering the rush of adrenalin which fear brings’ (www.horrorfilmhistory.com). Paranormal Activity reinforces this theory as it became a huge hit world-wide although it was such a low budget independent film. Paranormal Activity focuses on a young couple moving into a new home which is supposed to be an exciting time and people can relate to this as everyone has moved house at some point, the fact that the film is based in a normal household immediately alarms the audience. The sounds used in the trailer for Paranormal Activity are very effective as you can hear lots of screaming and fear but it is not in the film its self, it’s the audience that we’re first shown this film. Insidious was released in 2010 and was created by the same director as Paranormal Activity (James Wan) this draws in an audience immediately as people who are familiar with the directors work are immediately drawn to the film. Like Paranormal Activity, Insidious is also an independent film however the budget for this film was a lot higher at $1,500,000. The look the production company gave to this film is also a lot more professional as there are no home cameras and shaky camera angles. However this film does still use unknown actors, since doing my research I have noticed that the majority of horror films use unknown actors to make their film feel more realistic. Insidious is also based around the paranormal theme which shows that audiences in this era are frightened by the paranormal ghostly experience this must be working as insidious took in a gross of ‘$53,991,137’ (http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1591095/). Also Insidious uses children and a family in a ‘normal’ home this immediately effects the audience as they can relate it to their own lives. The horror genre has become more realistic like this as instead of using zombies, vampires and made up creatures the genre has become more based around real life and what could actually happen as it affects the audience in a more psychological way. Also using children in the trailer will immediately effect parents as they start to imagine what they would do if that was their child and how it would affect them which straight away frightens them and evokes unwanted emotions/thoughts ‘I can speak for all parents when I say the loss of a child has to be pretty much the worst thing that could ever happen to them’ (http://www.horror-movies.ca/horror_13935.html) I have also looked at the film trailer for â€Å"Don’t be Afraid of the Dark† which was released in 2011. This film is from a different director to Paranormal Activity and Insidious however it follows a similar plot and has the paranormal ghostly edge. The budget for this film was much higher than both Paranormal Activity and Insidious at $25,000,000 the trailer is very stereotypical and uses the typical conventions of a horror trailer as it consists of multiple flashing images, heart racing music, darkness and unknown creatures. The sound used in a trailer is very important as fast paced non-diegetic music is usually played throughout the trailer which subconsciously makes the audience feel on edge and worried, also the diegetic sounds used such as loud bangs, creaky floorboards and screams make the audience jump. Putting both of these non-diegetic and diegetic sounds together creates tension and an uncomfortable atmosphere. Don’t be Afraid of the Dark also uses a small child within the film; this is quite controversial and usually makes older members of the audience feel uncomfortable as they imagine it as their own child. Also using a small child shows an extreme amount of vulnerability as small children cannot fend for themselves and they are not as strong as an adult. ‘How does the speed of what we see compare to watching a clip from a film?’ (Teaching trailers) the speed of what we see in the trailer gives the audience a taste of what to expect in the film. The trailer starts of slowly to attract the audience’s attention and get them interested in what they are watching, then the speed builds up to alarm the audience and frighten them once this has happened the trailers slows back down to an average speed to give the audience time to react and think about what t hey just witnessed. When comparing the three trailers together they are all very similar as they are all based around a paranormal scenario and they all evoke the ‘scared/frightened’ emotion to an audience. Also two of the trailers use children which takes away the innocence of a stereotypical child and makes the audience feel uncomfortable as the ordinary has been changed. Paranormal activity breaks the boundaries of the horror genre the most by showing the audience reactions within the trailer as this had never been done before which attracted a wide audience and made a lot of money. It also got a lot more publicity and became an extremely famous well known film purely because it took the audiences expectation of a horror film and changed it. However Insidious and Don’t be Afraid of the Dark are very stereotypical horror films using obvious frightening objects in their trailers which have been used throughout the history of the horror genre. The set-up of these trailers is also very stereotypical and expected because of the fast paced heart racing sounds and the fast paced flashing images. I also think it is important that all of the actors in these films are unknown ‘why are we told who is starring in the film?’ (Teaching trailers) this is because well-known actors with a huge fan base attracts audiences to a film, however with the horror genre this does not work as audiences cannot get a realistic feel as they are familiar with the actor and their work. This is why I think all of the films work well as none of the actors are very well known. To conclude I think that genre is used in all of these trailers to raise the audience’s expectations but in very different experimental ways and this is successful, the ‘horror’ genre is visible throughout all of the trailers and they have all attracted a wide audience using some different experimental or stereotypical expected techniques. Bibliography Cherry, Brigid. (2009) Horror. Oxon: Routledge. Wilson, Karina. (2001-2011) Horror Film History. Available from: www.horrorfilmhistory.com (Accessed: 26th October 2011) http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1591095/ (2011) (Accessed: 26th October 2011) http://www.horror-movies.ca/horror_13935.html (2011) (Accessed: 26th October 2011) Title: Teach yourself film studies Title: Teaching trailers

The Difference Between Bienvenu and Bienvenue

The Difference Between 'Bienvenu' and 'Bienvenue' Mistakes will always be made in French, and now you can learn from them. When wanting to express Welcome! as a stand-alone phrase, beginners to French will often write  Bienvenu! ​instead of  the correct spelling of Bienvenue! Explanation of Bienvenue vs. Bienvenu Bienvenue used as a greeting is short for je vous souhaite la bienvenue, which literally means I wish you welcome. When saying Welcome! with no verb, you always have to use the feminine:  Bienvenue! Bienvenu with no e is an adjective often used as a noun conforming to a subject. To use this spelling of Bienvenu, the employed sentence needs to have a subject. Because of this, only when using a complete sentence can you say either Soyez le bienvenu or Soyez la bienvenue, according to the gender of the person you are talking to. You can say Soyez les bienvenus if its more than one person. The distinction is confusing and often leads to mistakes. A famous example is that of a sign in Utah that reads: Bienvenu internationale voyageurs. This sentence is wrong on many levels. Because it possesses no subject, the correct spelling would be Bienvenue ending with an e. In this instance, it would also need to be followed by the preposition . On a different but related note, the adjective international should be plural instead of feminine (to agree with voyageurs), and it should follow rather than precede the noun. The apostrophe has no business there either. Better French Greetings for the sign would be: Bienvenue aux voyageurs internationauxVoyageurs internationaux : soyez les bienvenus

AidsCause and Effect essays

AidsCause and Effect essays In 1981, a new fatal, infectious disease was diagnosedAIDS (Acquired Immuno-Deficiency Syndrome). It began in major cities, such as New York, Los Angeles, Miami, and San Francisco. People, mostly homosexual men and intravenous drug users, were dying from very rare lung infections or from a cancer known as Kaposis sarcoma. They have not seen people getting these diseases in numerous years. Soon, it also affected hemophiliacs, blood recipients, prostitutes and their customers, and babies born from AIDS-infected women. AIDS was soon recognized as a worldwide health emergency, and as a fatal disease with no known cure, that quickly became an epidemic. When high-profile victims began to contract the virus, such as basketball star Magic Johnson, the feeling spread quickly that anyone, not just particular groups of people, could be at risk. AIDS impairs the human bodys immune system and leaves the victim susceptible to various infections. With new research, scientists think that the disease was first contracted through a certain type of green monkey in Africa, then somehow mutated into a virus that a human could get. AIDS is a complicated illness that may involve several phases. It is caused by a virus that can be passed from person to person. This virus is called HIV, or Human Immuno-deficiency Virus. In order for HIV to become full-blown AIDS, your T-cell count (number of a special type of white-blood cells that fight off diseases) has to drop below 200, or you have to get one of the symptoms of an AIDS-induced infection. Most people recently infected by the AIDS virus look and feel healthy. They may not show symptoms for several years, but the condition is eventually fatal. Even though one might not know that they have this deathly disease, and remain apparently healthy, they can still pass it along to others, and they then pass it on to others, etc, until an abundant amount of people are infected. Sym...

Answer three questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Answer three questions - Essay Example The first technological change involved for example movement from use of the keypad to development of touchpad in mobile phones for examples, to ultra-modern laptops that are easy to carry. The second type of technological change that is radical innovation can be associated with the development of high speed magnetic levitation trains. The third technological change of changes in a technological system is more focused on research in science more so on genetics, mostly by pharmaceuticals while the fourth type of technological change of techno-economic paradigm can be associated with advancement in items such as steam power, electricity and ICT (Sassen, 2012). ICT mainly belong to the fourth type of technological change of techno-economic paradigm majorly because changes in ICT have brought about tremendous changes on how economic activities are conducted, changing the face of doing business on domestic Markets by introducing a paradigm shift to global oriented business operations (Sas sen, 2012). (B) Critically Discuss The Argument That ICTs Shrink Time And Space Across The Globe. Bring Examples to Support Your Answer ICT has reduced the time and space in the globe in terms of providing a means of communication between buyers and sellers located in different parts of the globe. Jobs can be outsourced and products exported to foreign markets at short notice (Loebis & Schmitz, 2005). ICT provides input and output in the form of information on the market operating conditions, expectations from market players as well as negotiations. ICT has led to shrinking of time and space by providing the back bone of a 24 –hour global economy in which financial services across different markets worldwide are instantaneous. The financial services in a global perspective are not tied down to a physical location as information forms the main input and output (Loebis & Schmitz, 2005). ICTs have shrunk time and space across the globe by providing technologies that are digital and advanced and make communication between individuals in different parts of the globe instantaneous and seamless (Sassen, 2012). An example of this technology is voice over the internet protocols such as Skype. Computerization of financial services makes geographical location of financial capital less important. ICT continues to form the basis for business process outsourcing (BPO) as it provides the foundation for transfer of business functions such as call center management as well as payroll preparation (Loebis, & Schmitz,2005). Question 2 (a). Can Outsourcing Be The Basis Of Development And Growth For Countries Which Lie Outside The Established Global Processes Of Production? Outsourcing involves contracting of various forms of business functions to external vendors. This is necessary where a firm aims at cutting down on costs such as labor. Examples of business functions that can be outsourced include payroll preparation, billing, call center services and data entry among oth ers. Global players in the outsourcing business include India, Israel and Ireland while countries such as china and Russia have exhibited signs potential growth in the outsourcing business (Linden, Kraeer & Dedrick, 2009). Whether outsourcing can be a foundation of development and growth for countries that lie outside the established global process of production, is hugely dependent on various factors such as the government's vision and policy, the

Individual case study analysis(Money is not always the best reward ) Essay

Individual case study analysis(Money is not always the best reward ) - Essay Example The analyzed data has further been presented comprehensively to recommend strategies that would help in enhancing the performances of the employees. Table of Contents Executive Summary 2 Table of Contents 3 Introduction 4 Discussion 5 Key Issues identified in the case 5 Critically Analyzing and Evaluating the Case Issues 5 Conclusion and Recommendations 10 References 11 Bibliography 13 Introduction After being appointed as the CEO of a sporting and community club, Tim Johnson was bestowed with the responsibility of developing an innovative organizational structure as well as to implementing human resource systems for the effective performance of the club. During that period, the annual turnover of the club was more than $ 33 million with 75 employees which depicted the financial viability of the organization along with its size, augmenting the necessity to develop an organized and effective organizational structure. After his joining, Tim Johnson recognized that the management of the club was ineffective due to the lack of effective Human Resource (HR) as well as operational policies which is essential to yield superior performance from employees. Strategically, Tim Johnson conducted a survey on the employees and was able to identify that a lack of morale as well as motivation persisted within the workforce. Correspondingly, he formulated plans to develop and implement strategies such as position descriptions, systems related guidelines, job specifications as well as other HR and operational policies to be followed by the employees. Formal meetings were also organized with the motive of informing the employees about the change in the organizational structure. The HR and the operational policies were further intended to be legally enacted so as to ensure ethical viability within the reframed organizational process. One of the most significant changes brought by Tim Johnson in the philosophy of the restructured organizational process indicated an increased focus on improving the performance of the employees through empowerment rather than considering the monetary reward system. The discussion will thus emphasize on the identification as well as the analysis of various issues which have been identified in this case. The results of the analysis will further be used to recommend strategies which are required to mitigate the identified issues. Discussion Key Issues identified in the case In the referred case, the issues which were faced by the sporting and community club hampering the performance of the employees depicted that the club lacked effective leadership from the senior decision makers of the organization. Owing to the ineffective organizational structure and ill-organized process related policies, the organization had to face various problems related with lack of morale among the employees which further obstructed an enhanced performance from the human resources of the club. Lack of motivation to work in accordance with the standards specified by the management for the effective achievements of the goals was also observed as a restriction to the enhanced performance of the club. The club did not have Human Resource Management (HRM) for effective HR as well as operational polic

Professional international business law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Professional international business law - Essay Example Wally Solar Manufacturer hereinafter referred to as â€Å"Principal†; a corporation organized and registered in accordance with the laws of _________, having a registered address at ____________ and herein represented by ___________. Japan Sun Power Ltd., herein after referred to as â€Å"Agent†; a corporation organized and registered under the laws of Japan, having a registered address at ____________ and herein represented by ______________;† There are many ways of arranging the sections of an agreement to make in understandable and coherent. I propose that this agreement will be divided into sections with headings and subtitles for easy references. Statement of Purpose. The draft agreement you provided me has no statement of purpose. This provision is important as it will define the whole document and will guide the reader as what purpose it will serve. This should appear as section 1 in the agreement. Definition of Terms. In an agreement, as well as any other contracts, it is highly desirable to define the terms we use in the provisions thereof. There are words, which may have dual meanings or connotes a deferent interpretation when conjunct with another word or phrase. My recommendation is that we include a definition of terms in the agreement and put it as Section 3. Appointment and Territorial Coverage. A clear provision appointing the Agent and defining the territory upon which the agent shall have authority to operate should be included. This should be included as Section 4. I would like to suggest that provisions for this section should read as follows: The Principal hereby appoints the Agent to serve as its exclusive sales agent and representative in Japan and shall act in accordance with the terms of this agreement. The appointment should limit the coverage of the Agent within the Japanese territory as you already mentioned that the Agent is a small company with no capability of handling transactions outside Japan. Non-Transferability

Toyota Logistics Essay Example for Free

Toyota Logistics Essay Logistics and facility costs incurred within a supply chain change as the number of facilities, their location, and capacity allocation is changed. Companies must consider inventory, transportation, and facility costs when designing their supply chain networks. Inventory and facility costs increase as the number of facilities in a supply chain increase. Transportation costs decrease as the number of facilities is increased. If the number of facilities increases to a point where inbound. Economies of scale are lost, then transportation cost increase. The goal when designing a supply chain network is to maximize the firms profits while satisfying customer needs in terms of demand and responsiveness. Toyota cares are priced differently in different country. Car cost remain the same across the world but the tax and transportation cost differ in different country. Toyota need to minimize their transportation cost by efficient plant. They have joint venture in India, they have also have plant in Thailand and Indonesia. They don’t need this all three plant, this plants increasing their cost. As this countries distance are less and transportation facilities are good. They can build a plant in India and shutdown the others. Toyota can shut down their plant in Portugal, they can cover that country from Frances plant. Toyota can cover Mexico and Brazil market by holding their plant in Colombo. Colombo is middle of this two country, and Mexico don’t need any plant, the plant of USA can easily transport the products and Brazil or Portugal any one from this two country can shutdown and remain the other.

A Dream Deferred :: essays research papers

What happens to a dream deferred?Does it dry uplike a raisin in the sun?Or fester like a sore-And then run?Does it stink like rotten meat?Or crust and sugar over- like a syrupy sweet?Maybe it just sagslike a heavy load.Or does it explode?While Langhston Hughes authors this poem, A Dream Deferred, it can easily be interpreted as Toni Morrison's description of Nel and her life of sorrow and dissatisfaction. Sula and Nel, the protagonists in Toni Morrison's Sula, are each the only daughters of mothers whose distance leaves the young girls with dreams to erase this solitude and loneliness. There is no question that Sula alleviates this aloneness with a lascivious and experimental life, "I'm going down like one of those redwoods. I sure did live in this world"(143). Nel, however, for the most part, fails terribly at realizing her dreams and experiencing a happy existence. Compromising her individuality, her emotional stability, and her dreams mark Nel's banal and unfulfilling life.Early in Nel's life during a trip to New Orleans, she watches as her mother is humiliated by a train's white, racist conductor; she watches the indignity of her mother's having to squat in an open field to urinate while white train passengers gaze; and she watches her mother's shame at her own Creole mother's libidinous lifestyle. Her mother's submissiveness and humiliation evokes a fear, an anger, and an energy in Nel. Her emotions intensify as she makes a declaration to never be her mother, to never compromise her individuality, "I'm me. I'm not their daughter. I'm not Nel. I'm me. Me"(28). Figuring that her "me-ness" will take her far, she exclaims "I want...I want to be... wonderful"(29). However, that trip to Louisiana "was the last as well as the first time she was ever to leave Medallion"(29).Initially, Nel's self-declaration empowers her to pursue that dream of independence. She gathers power and joy, and "the strength to cultivate a friend in spite of mother"(29). Nel achieves a degree of her self-described "me-ness," her dream, a separation from her subservient and disgraceful mother, resulting in a new found complacency, "Nel, who regarded the oppressive neatness of her home with dread, felt comfortable in it with Sula"(29). This happiness was present in both girls, "Their meeting was fortunate for it let them use each other to grow on"(49). Unfortunately, as she left Medallion only one time, Nel would discover and enjoy this "me-ness" only one time.

Trafficking Essay -- Legal Issues, Human Trafficking

Human trafficking has become a major problem worldwide which affects many people. An estimated 600-800 thousand people are moved unwillingly between international borders each year (Kristof, et al, pg. 10). There is an even larger number of 12.3 million people who are estimated to be forced to work in agriculture, manufacturing, and the sex trade (Shepherd, pg. 94). A majority of the people forced into labor, especially into the sex trade, are children, most of which are women, at an estimated 1 million children per year (Kristof, pg. 9). There is a large amount of violence and abuse involved in sex slavery, many times leading to death. Globalization seems to have played a major role in the rise of sex slavery and the sex trade but has also played major roles in efforts to stop it. There has been speculation that the way that human trafficking has been constructed over time is a major problem in the scheme of trafficking. Barbara Sullivan writes that as the debate over trafficking evolved â€Å"women were seen to have a 'vulnerable sexuality' that was readily exploited by men; trafficking always involved prostitution and women's consent was irrelevant† (Shepherd, pg. 91). She argues that this shaping of the issue has also â€Å"erased the possibility of women being active agents in their own lives, for example by migrating to undertake lucrative paid work in the sex trade.† She continues in her writing to attribute these same problems to the way that anti-trafficking agencies present the issue as well. This viewpoint and argument is irrelevant to the issue and the construction of trafficking has much less of an effect on women's rights than the problem itself. Prostitution in itself, even if willing, involves a person sell... ...any have a hard time once released (Kristof, pg. 35-45). If girls in regions like Cambodia become educated they are more likely to be employed and are more likely to eventually be able to escape the lower status of being a poor woman. Since poor people have fewer chances at income and education in poor countries and are less likely to fight back against oppressive conditions, they are preyed upon by human traffickers (Shepherd, pg. 95). Since both of these things are true of women as well they have a double strike against them and are even more likely to be preyed upon. Even though globalization played a major role in the increase of human trafficking by making it easier for people to move from one place to another it also has played a role in allowing people who are more well off to assist those who do not have the resources or the freedoms to help themselves.